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・ Immigrant-host model
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・ Immigrants (2008 film)
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・ Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2006
・ Immigration Act
・ Immigration Act 1971
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・ Immigration Act of 1882
・ Immigration Act of 1903
・ Immigration act of 1907
・ Immigration Act of 1917
Immigration Act of 1918
・ Immigration Act of 1924
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・ Immigration and Nationality Act
・ Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952
・ Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965
・ Immigration and Nationality Act Section 287(g)


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Immigration Act of 1918 : ウィキペディア英語版
Immigration Act of 1918

The United States Immigration Act of 1918 (ch. 186, ) was enacted on October 16, 1918.〔''New York Times'': (Remsen Crawford, "New Immigrant Net: How Other Causes Have Anticipated Effect of the Dillingham Act," July 10, 1921 ), accessed July 13, 2010〕 It is also known as the Dillingham-Hardwick Act.
==Enactment==
During World War I, officials at the Department of Justice were frustrated in the attempts to suppress anarchist activity by their inability to convict even self-professed anarchists under current legislation, notably the Immigration Act of 1903 and the Immigration Act of 1917.〔Avrich, Paul, ''Sacco and Vanzetti: The Anarchist Background'', Princeton: Princeton University Press, ISBN 0-691-02604-1, ISBN 978-0-691-02604-6 (1991), pp. 130-136〕 U.S. authorities in the Wilson administration determined that their best opportunity to detain and remove foreign-born anarchists, antiwar protesters, and members of radical labor unions such as the Industrial Workers of the World from the United States lay in the authority of the Department of Immigration to deport individuals under an extremely broad definition of anarchism, this time using administrative procedures that did not require due process.〔
Working together, officials at the Department of Justice and the Bureau of Immigration drafted legislation designed to remedy the defects in current legislation by defining anarchism broadly enough to cover all forms activity related to its advocacy, including membership in or affiliation with any organization or group that advocated opposition to all forms of organized government.〔 The new legislation removed the provision in prior law that aliens who had resided in the United States for more than 5 years were not subject to deportation.〔 The bill passed the House of Representatives quickly. While waiting for the Senate, representatives of the two sponsoring government departments held meetings to develop a strategy for handling the "disposition of cases of alien anarchists, some of whom are Italian anarchists and others Industrial Workers of the World and Russian Union workers, now pending."〔
Senator Borah of Idaho was one of the few opposed, but he was not prepared to try to prevent a vote. When the bill passed, it included additional punishment for anyone deported who returned to the United States. The punishment for that was a prison term of 5 years followed by deportation once again.〔

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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